Ventilating apparatus



E. Y. ROBBINS.

Ventilating Apparatus.

Patented July n, 1865.

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UNITED STATES 'PATENT OFFICE.

E. Y. ROBBINS, OF CINCINNATI, OHIO.

VENTILATING PPARATUS.

Specitication forming part of Letters Patent No. 48.722, dated July 11,1865.

To all fit-hom it may concern:

Be it known that I, E. Y. ROBBINS, in the city of Cincinnati, county ofHamilton, and State of Ohio, have invented a new and 1mproved Method ofWarming and Ventilating Houses, of which the following is afull andexact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, andto the letters of reference marked thereon.

The nature of my invention consists in eX- cludin g the heated air fromthe furnace, steampipes, or other1 iron heater from the rooms and usingit only for warming a portion or portions of the floor, (or the walls,)made of tile or other non-metallic substance, and in bringing into therooms for respiration air only warmed to a moderate temperature bypassing over a large earthen surface nothighly heated, as iron furnacesand steam-pipes usually are, but only warmed to the temperature of theearths surface in a summers day.

R, Figure' 1, represents a room, Z b 'g'the Hoor.

A represents a com mon iron furnace, stove, or other heater placed belowthe room or rooms to be warmed. A brick wall or other earthen casing,a",I `ig. 1, is built around the iron heater, at a few inches from it onall sides. The hot air rising from the surface of the iron passes upthrough the pipe B; but instead of entering through a register into theroom, as is the case with other heating apparatuses, it is. thrown intoa hot-air chamber, C, four or tive inches deep, (more or less,)immediately beneath the floor. The upper boundary of the hot-air'chamber is on a level with the iioor,-

and forms a portion of the iioor. It may be an enlarged hearth, or itmay be a piece of tilework or other non-metallic material in any part ofthe floor; or, if preferred, the hot-air charnber may be built inthewall. The hot air, after circulating through this hot-air chamber C, orsuccessively through several hot-air chambers situated in differentrooms or in different stories, one above another, descends through thereturn pipe or Hue D", Fig. 1, to the'bottom of the furnace to beheated, and again rises through the pipe B to take the same course; andso it circulates round and round continuously.

To secure fresh air for ventilation, a second brick wall or casing, b,is built, surrounding the whole structure of the furnace beforedescribed, and six or seven inches (more or less) on all sides from thefirst wall, a". This first wall a becomes warmed through, and itsoutside affords a large earthen surface for warming fresh air forventilation. Fresh air from without is brought in through the air-duct eand thrown between these two walls a and b, and, becoming slightlywarmed, rises through the iue or pipe d and enters the room through aperforated base-board, B', or through regis ters in the walls or door.Thus I have two distinct and separate air-channels surrounding thefurnace, one-the ordinary hot-air channely', immediately around the ironfurnace, where the air which circulates through the hot-'air chambers Cbeneath the floor is heated, (this air not being permitted to enter therooms,) the other, x, external to this, between the walls or casings aand b, in which the air for ventilation is moderately warmed, andafterward brought into the rooms through d".

In case of warming by a steam or hot-water furnace, I secure the samesupply of fresh air from an ca rthen surface by. first incasing theboiler with'bricks, as is usually done, and then building anpther wallor casing at a little distance around this, and passing fresh airbetween them and carrying it up into the rooms through the pipe orair-duct d.

In cases where a large amount of ventilation is necessary, as inschool-houses, churches, 8mo., or in any case where the fresh air doesnot enter with sufficient rapidity, a small amount of mechanical force,either of water, steam, or horse power should be applied to impel it inmore rapidly. f

To prevent soot from being brought into the rooms with the fresh air,especially invcities where bituminous coal is burned, I construct theexternal mouth of the air-ductfl to open downward, so that the air thatenters must first rise. I also make this external mouth or entrance forthe air much larger in sectional area than the duct itself, (six oreight times as large, if necessary, or even more,) so that the air,having a large space to enter through, shall enter slowly and have butslight draft to carry the sootupinto the duct. This maybe effectedeither by placing over the top of the eater rise to enter the duct,wire-gauze ora net-Work ot' cotton or other fabric may be stretched, sothat the soot will be caught on the under side of it.

What l claim as my own invention, and desire to secure by LettersPatent, is

1. The arrangement for Warming the floor or portions ofthe oor bycausing the hot air from 'l he furnace to circulate through a hot-airchamber, C, and return to the bottom ot' the furnace through the returnpipe or flue D", substantially as set forth.

2. The construction of the outer fresh-air or warm-air channel, m, Fig.1, entirely separate and distinct from the inner or hot-air channel y,the air in the latter, heated by contact with thehot surface of theiron, being excluded from the room and only used for carrying heat tothe hot-air chamber beneath the floor or in the walls, while the airfrom the former, w, being warmed entirely by contact with the outersurface of the brick' or earthen wall or casing a, is conducted into theroom for respiration.

E. Y. ROBBINS.

W'itnesses:

L. Gr. EINE, vWILLIAM FITCH.

